What causes a menopause mustache?

The development of what is commonly referred to as a "menopause mustache" is primarily associated with changes in hormone levels that occur during menopause, particularly related to increased androgens and changes in adrenocortical activity. During menopause, the ovaries produce less estrogen, which can increase the relative levels of androgens in the body, leading to increased facial hair growth, especially in areas such as the upper lip.

Adrenocortical activity refers to the production of hormones by the adrenal glands, including androgens like testosterone, which may increase during this time. This heightened activity is what contributes to the growth of unwanted facial hair, including the mustache. As women age and approach menopause, their hormonal balance shifts, which can result in increased visibility of facial hair due to these changes.

The other options relate to different hormonal conditions. Increased estrogen levels would not account for the mustache, as estrogen typically works to inhibit the effects of androgens. Hormonal imbalance in pregnancy involves different hormonal levels and effects and does not specifically relate to menopause. Genetic predisposition could influence hair growth patterns but does not specifically address the hormonal changes associated with menopause that lead to the mustache.